Political fragmentation in metropolitan regions makes equitable and efficient delivery of public services difficult. Regionalism, although promoted as more equitable and rational, has found limited political support. Public choice theory argues, against regionalism, that political fragmentation can promote competition and efficiency by creating markets for public services. We assess the efficacy of market solutions for metropolitan public service provision by comparing privatization with inter-municipal cooperation and evaluating each on efficiency, equity and democracy grounds. Using probit regression analysis of a national survey of local government service delivery from 1992 and 1997, we find both alternatives promote efficiency, but equity and voice are more associated with inter-municipal cooperation than privatization.